Photobean,
I'm sorry but I must agree with Jim. Since you did not have an agreement of terms in writing you may have a very difficult time getting payment. Since it appears that you were still employed with the firm at the time, they may be looking at it as a work made for hire or something dreaded like that.
I don't think you have the right to feel insulted because you gave them free photography for their marketing purposes and you feel taken advantage of. If you want to play professional photographer you must act like one and be on a business to business level with any companies or people you deal with in the future. That means communicating well with them and knowing your business, like copyright, usage, licensing etc. and MOST important using contracts and having a paper trail in case there's a problem. I also feel that you may have been unfair to your old company by not communicating with them what your fees would be BEFORE having the work printed up etc., especially since you've given them work for free in the past, why would they expect to pay very much or anything for future work.
I understand that it's exciting to see people use and enjoy your work and as artists we all crave to get that "pat on the back" for a job well done but most of the time we are dealing with business people and they understand business. Business people don't always understand the typical creative persons lack of business acumen but they sure will exploit it when given the opportunity.

So, I think you have two alternatives. Either take the "hit" and take a lower price to get something back, then chalk it up to experience (which, by the way, makes getting future work at a reasonable price for other photographers much more difficult now), or consult an attorney as Jim suggests.
Sorry for the sermon,
Glenn Morimoto